CLASS-10
SOME SPECIAL TYPES OF MATRICES

SOME SPECIAL TYPES OF MATRICES –

There are some different types of matrix has been discussed below with different specification. 

1) Row Matrix –  A matrix which have only one row is called a row matrix.

For example, A = [5  7  3] and B = [3   4] are row matrices of order (1 X 3) and (1 X 2)

2) Column Matrix – A matrix which have only one column is called a column matrix. There are some example given below for better understanding -

are column matrix of order (3 X 1) and (2 X 1) respectively.

3) Rectangular Matrix – A matrix in which the number of rows is not equal to the number of columns, is called rectangular matrix.

Example – 

is a rectangular matrix of order (2 X 3).

4) Square Matrix – A matrix in which the number of rows is equal to the number of columns, is called square matrix.

Thus, a matrix of order n X n is called a square matrix of order n.                                 

Example ;-     

is a square matrix of order 2.

We may call it a 2-rowed square matrix.

5) Diagonal Matrix – A square matrix in which every non-diagonal element is 0 is called a Diagonal matrix.

are diagonal matrices of orders (2 X 2) and (3 X 3) respectively.

6) Unit or Identity Matrix -  A square matrix in which every diagonal element is 1 and every non-diagonal element is 0, called a unit matrix.

Example.

are unit matrices of orders 2 and 3 respectively.

7) Zero or Null Matrix – A matrix in which every element is 0 (Zero), is called a Zero or Null matrix.

Example. -

are zero matrices of order (1 X 2), (2 X 1), and (3 X 2) respectively.

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