Example.1) A man buys some fruit for $ 150 and sells it for $ 225, find the profit and percentage of profits.
Ans.) As per the given condition, the man purchase some fruit for $ 150 and sells it for $ 225
So, the person makes profit = 225 – 150 = $ 75
( SP - CP ) / Profit
Percentage of profit = ----------------------- X 100
Purchase Price / CP
$ 75
= ------------ X 100 $ 150
$ 75
= ----------- X 100 = 50 %
$ 150
So, the person makes a profit of around $ 75 by 50% profits (Ans.)
Example.2) A shopkeeper bought chocolate at the rate of 6 for $ 5 and sold them at the rate of 5 for $ 6.
a) What kind of percentage of profit he has done?
b) How many chocolate would he have to sell to earn a profit of $ 55?
Ans.) Cost Price (CP) of 6 chocolates = $ 5,
5
So, CP of 1 chocolate = ---------- $
6
Sell Price (SP) of chocolate is at the rate of 5 chocolate = $ 6
6
So, CP of 1 chocolate = ---------- $
5
So the profit per chocolate
6 5
= --------- - ---------
5 6
36 – 25 $ 11
= ------------ = ----------
30 30
Profit
Now, profit percentage = -------------- X 100
CP
11 / 30
= -------------- X 100
5 / 6
11 6
= -------- X -------- X 100 = 44 % …………………(1) (Ans.)
30 5
Now as per the condition, we have to quantify the number of chocolate to get the profitability of about $ 55.
11
He can earn profit of $ --------- to sell 1 chocolate
30
1 30
To earn $ 1 by selling = ---------- = ---------
11 / 30 11
30
To earn $ 55 profit hr has to sell = --------- X 55 11
= 150 chocolates
So, if he would like to earn a profit of $ 55 then he has to sell 150 chocolate. (Ans.)
Example.3) A man sold his computer for $ 330 at the profit of 10%, then find out what did the computer cost him?
Ans.) As per the given condition, the person has sold the computer by $ 330 at a profit rate of 10%
Suppose the cost price of the computer is Z
10
He has done the profit 10% = Z X ---------
100
Z
= ---------- 10
Z
So, now as per the condition , Z + --------- = 330
10
11 Z
Or, ---------- = 330
10
330 X 10
Or, Z = -------------- = $ 300 11
So, the cost of the computer is $ 300. (Ans.)
Example.4) A typewriter was bought for $ 250, find its selling price if it is sold at a) Profit of 15 % and loss of b) 12 %
Ans.) As per the given condition, the value of a typewriter is $ 250.
If he sold the typewriter of 15% profit then the value would be
15
= $ ( 250 + 250 X --------- ) 100
= $ ( 250 + 37.5 ) = $ 287.5……………………..(a) (Ans.)
If he sold the typewriter by 15% profit then the value would be
12
= $ ( 250 - 250 X --------- ) 100
= $ ( 250 - 30 ) = $ 220 …………………….…(b) (Ans.)
Example.5) By selling a calculator for $ 320, a shopkeeper incurred a loss of 20%, what was the cost price of the calculator for him?
Ans.) As per the given condition, shopkeepers have made a loss of 20% to sell the calculator by $ 320
Suppose the cost price of the calculator is A
If he get loss by 20%, then
The actual cost price of the calculator is =>
20A – ( A X ---------- ) = 320 100
A
Or, A – --------- = 320
5
4A
Or, ---------- = 320
5
320 X 5
Or, A = -------------- = 80 X 5 = 400 4
So, the actual value or cost price of the calculator is $ 400. (Ans.)
Example.6) Mr. Richard sold two printers for $ 200 each, on one of the printers he made a profit of 20%, and on the others he incurred a loss of 20%, find the total loss or gain and also the net loss or gain percent.
Ans.) As per the given condition, for the 1st printer -
Let, the price (CP) of the printer is A
He has sold the printer at $ 200 and made a profit of 20%.
20
So, as per the given condition A + A X --------- = $ 200
100
A
Or, A + ---------- = 200
5
6A
Or, ---------- = $ 200
5
5
Or, A = $ 200 X -------- = $ 166.66 = $ 167 (CP) 6
As per the given condition, for the 2nd printer -
Let, the price (CP) of the printer is A
He has sold the printer at $ 200 and made a loss of 20%.
20
So, as per the given condition A – A X ---------- = $ 200 100
A
Or, A – -------- = 200
5
4A
Or, ---------- = $ 200
5
5
Or, A = $ 200 X --------- = $ 250 (CP) 4
So, as per the requirement –
Total Cost price (CP) of two printers is = $ 167 + $ 250
= $ 417
Total Sell price (SP) of two printers is = $ 200 + $ 200
= $ 400
Here we can observe that, total sell price which is $ 400 is less than the total cost price which is $ 417.
So, we can conclude here he has lost by = $ 417 - $ 400
= $ 17
$ 17
So, as per the percentage he has loss by = ---------- X 100 $ 417
= 4.07% = 4 %
So, Mr. Richard has made the loss by $ 17 as the percentage of 4%. (Ans.)
Example.7) If a man incurs a loss of 20% by selling an article for $ 800, at what price should he sell it to make a profit of 15%
Ans.) as per the given condition, the man has sold out the product by $ 800 with a loss of 20%
If, we consider the price of the product is Z and he has made a loss of 20%
So, as per the given condition –
20
Z – Z X --------- = $ 800
100
Z
Or, Z – -------- = $ 800
5
4 Z
Or, ---------- = $ 800
5
$ 800 X 5
Or, Z = -------------- = $ 1000
4
So, the cost price (CP) of the product is $ 1000.
Now, if he wish to profit at the percentage of 15%, then the Sell Price (SP) would be as follows –
15
$ 1000 + $ 1000 X -------- = $ 1000 + $ 150 = $ 1150
100
So, the person should sell the product for $ 1150 to get a profit of 15%. (Ans.)